# Gemma 4 12B vs GPT-4.1 nano

> Side-by-side benchmark comparison for Gemma 4 12B and GPT-4.1 nano across agentic, coding, multimodal, knowledge, reasoning, multilingual, and math tasks.

- Canonical page: https://benchlm.ai/compare/gemma-4-12b-vs-gpt-4-1-nano
- Last updated: September 4, 2026

- Shared sourced benchmarks: 1
- HTML indexing: indexable
- Ranking lane: BenchAlign v5

## Quick Verdict

Evidence is too thin for a benchmark verdict: Gemma 4 12B and GPT-4.1 nano share only 1 sourced benchmark row.

## Summary

- Only 1 shared sourced benchmark row is available. That is not enough for a broad capability verdict, so this mirror does not name an overall winner.
- GPT-4.1 nano has the larger published context window at 1M.

## Model Snapshot

| Property | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|----------|----------|----------|
| Creator | Google | OpenAI |
| Type | Open Weight | Proprietary |
| Reasoning | Reasoning | Non-Reasoning |
| Context | 256K | 1M |
| Independent public score (not head-to-head) | 46.64 | 28.43 |
| Benchmarks Covered | 12 | 4 |
| Pricing (input/output) | N/A | $0.10 / $0.40 |

## Category Breakdown

### Agentic

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- Gemma 4 12B public-lane score: 47.9 (Estimated · #81/151)
- GPT-4.1 nano public-lane score: 32 (Estimated · #137/151)

### Coding

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- Gemma 4 12B public-lane score: 46.6 (Estimated · #97/183)
- GPT-4.1 nano public-lane score: 32.3 (Estimated · #164/183)

| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-4.1 nano | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| LiveCodeBench v6 | 72.0% | Coming soon | Coming soon |

### Multimodal & Grounded

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- Gemma 4 12B public-lane score: 26.1 (#44/48)
- GPT-4.1 nano public-lane score: 25.3 (Unranked · 1 rankable row)

| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-4.1 nano | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| MMMU-Pro | 69.1% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| MathVision | 79.7% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| MedXpertQA (MM) | 48.7% | Coming soon | Coming soon |

### Reasoning

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- Gemma 4 12B public-lane score: 34 (Unranked · 4 rankable rows)
- GPT-4.1 nano public-lane score: 34.9 (Unranked · 2 rankable rows)

| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-4.1 nano | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| BBH | 53% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| MRCRv2 | 43.4% | Coming soon | Coming soon |

### Knowledge

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- Gemma 4 12B public-lane score: 40.4 (Supported · #138/181)
- GPT-4.1 nano public-lane score: 30.2 (Supported · #175/181)

| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-4.1 nano | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| GPQA | 78.8% | 50.3% | Gemma 4 12B |
| GPQA-D | 78.8% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| MMLU-Pro | 77.2% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| HLE w/o tools | 5.2% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| MMMLU | 83.4% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| MMLU | Coming soon | 80.1% | Coming soon |

### Instruction Following

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- Gemma 4 12B public-lane score: 89.8 (#21/120)
- GPT-4.1 nano public-lane score: 36 (#106/120)

| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-4.1 nano | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| IFEval | Coming soon | 83.2% | Coming soon |

### Mathematics

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- Gemma 4 12B public-lane score: 57.6 (Unranked · 1 rankable row)
- GPT-4.1 nano public-lane score: 25.6 (Unranked · 1 rankable row)

| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-4.1 nano | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| AIME26 | 77.5% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| FrontierMath v2 (Tiers 1-3) | Coming soon | 1.034% | Coming soon |

## FAQ

### Is there enough evidence to pick between Gemma 4 12B and GPT-4.1 nano?

Not yet. The models share only 1 sourced benchmark row, so this mirror reports the available measurements and metadata without naming a broad winner.

### What can I compare safely on this page?

Published pricing, context windows, model type, and individual shared benchmark rows are directly comparable. Independent overall scores and non-overlapping benchmark coverage are labeled separately and should not be read as a controlled head-to-head result.

## Related Comparisons

- [Gemma 4 12B vs Gemma 4 31B](/compare/gemma-4-12b-vs-gemma-4-31b)
- [GPT-4.1 nano vs Gemma 4 31B](/compare/gemma-4-31b-vs-gpt-4-1-nano)
- [Gemma 4 12B vs Gemma 4 26B A4B](/compare/gemma-4-12b-vs-gemma-4-26b-a4b)
- [GPT-4.1 nano vs Gemma 4 26B A4B](/compare/gemma-4-26b-a4b-vs-gpt-4-1-nano)

## Explore More

- [Gemma 4 12B profile](/models/gemma-4-12b)
- [GPT-4.1 nano profile](/models/gpt-4-1-nano)
- [Compare Pricing](/llm-pricing)
- [Alternative Finder](/tools/alternative-finder)
- [LLM Selector](/tools/llm-selector)
- [Overall Rankings](/best/overall)