# GPT-4.1 vs o3

> Side-by-side benchmark comparison for GPT-4.1 and o3 across agentic, coding, multimodal, knowledge, reasoning, multilingual, and math tasks.

- Canonical page: https://benchlm.ai/compare/gpt-4-1-vs-o3
- Last updated: September 29, 2026

- Shared sourced benchmarks: 2
- HTML indexing: indexable
- Ranking lane: BenchAlign v5.7

## Quick Verdict

Evidence is too thin for a benchmark verdict: GPT-4.1 and o3 share only 2 sourced benchmark rows.

## Summary

- Only 2 shared sourced benchmark rows are available. That is not enough for a broad capability verdict, so this mirror does not name an overall winner.
- GPT-4.1 has the larger published context window at 1M.

## Model Snapshot

| Property | GPT-4.1 | o3 |
|----------|----------|----------|
| Creator | OpenAI | OpenAI |
| Type | Proprietary | Proprietary |
| Reasoning | Non-Reasoning | Reasoning |
| Context | 1M | 200K |
| Independent public score (not head-to-head) | 39.74 | 46.95 |
| Benchmarks Covered | 7 | 2 |
| Pricing (input/output) | $2.00 / $8.00 | $2.00 / $8.00 |

## Category Breakdown

### Agentic

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- GPT-4.1 public-lane score: Coming soon
- o3 public-lane score: Coming soon

| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3 | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| Gert Labs | 25.65% | Coming soon | Coming soon |

### Coding

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- GPT-4.1 public-lane score: Coming soon
- o3 public-lane score: Coming soon

| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3 | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| SWE-bench Verified | 54.6% | Coming soon | Coming soon |

### Reasoning

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- GPT-4.1 public-lane score: 69.2 (Unranked · 2 rankable rows)
- o3 public-lane score: 73.7 (Unranked · 2 rankable rows)

### Multimodal & Grounded

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- GPT-4.1 public-lane score: 51.3 (Unranked · 1 rankable row)
- o3 public-lane score: 64.4 (Unranked · 1 rankable row)

### Knowledge

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- GPT-4.1 public-lane score: 35.5 (Supported · #116/169)
- o3 public-lane score: 47.1 (Estimated · #74/169)

| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3 | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| MMLU | 90.2% | Coming soon | Coming soon |
| GPQA | 66.3% | Coming soon | Coming soon |

### Instruction Following

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- GPT-4.1 public-lane score: 48.9 (#83/124)
- o3 public-lane score: 86 (#34/124)

| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3 | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| IFEval | 87.4% | Coming soon | Coming soon |

### Mathematics

- Winner: Insufficient shared evidence
- GPT-4.1 public-lane score: 28 (Unranked · 2 rankable rows)
- o3 public-lane score: 37.7 (Unranked · 2 rankable rows)

| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3 | Winner |
|-----------|-----------|-----------|--------|
| FrontierMath v2 (Tiers 1-3) | 5.517% | 18.685% | o3 |
| FrontierMath v2 (Tier 4) | 0.000% | 2.083% | o3 |

## FAQ

### Is there enough evidence to pick between GPT-4.1 and o3?

Not yet. The models share only 2 sourced benchmark rows, so this mirror reports the available measurements and metadata without naming a broad winner.

### What can I compare safely on this page?

Published pricing, context windows, model type, and individual shared benchmark rows are directly comparable. Independent overall scores and non-overlapping benchmark coverage are labeled separately and should not be read as a controlled head-to-head result.

## Related Comparisons

- [GPT-4.1 vs GPT-4.1 mini](/compare/gpt-4-1-vs-gpt-4-1-mini)
- [o3 vs GPT-4.1 mini](/compare/gpt-4-1-mini-vs-o3)
- [GPT-4.1 vs GPT-4.1 nano](/compare/gpt-4-1-vs-gpt-4-1-nano)
- [o3 vs GPT-4.1 nano](/compare/gpt-4-1-nano-vs-o3)

## Explore More

- [GPT-4.1 profile](/models/gpt-4-1)
- [o3 profile](/models/o3)
- [Compare Pricing](/llm-pricing)
- [Alternative Finder](/tools/alternative-finder)
- [LLM Selector](/tools/llm-selector)
- [Overall Rankings](/best/overall)