Gemini 3.1 Pro vs GPT-4.1 nano

Side-by-side benchmark comparison across knowledge, coding, math, and reasoning.

Gemini 3.1 Pro is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 89 to 23. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.

Gemini 3.1 Pro's sharpest advantage is in mathematics, where it averages 97.1 against 9.8. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is AIME 2024, 99 to 9.8.

Gemini 3.1 Pro is also the more expensive model on tokens at $1.25 input / $5.00 output per 1M tokens, versus $0.10 input / $0.40 output per 1M tokens for GPT-4.1 nano. That is roughly 12.5x on output cost alone.

Quick Verdict

Pick Gemini 3.1 Pro if you want the stronger benchmark profile. GPT-4.1 nano only becomes the better choice if you want the cheaper token bill.

Knowledge

Gemini 3.1 Pro

Gemini 3.1 Pro

86

GPT-4.1 nano

65.2

99
MMLU
80.1
97
GPQA
50.3
95
SuperGPQA
-
93
OpenBookQA
-
92
MMLU-Pro
-
40
HLE
-

Coding

Gemini 3.1 Pro
91
HumanEval
-
75
SWE-bench Verified
-
71
LiveCodeBench
-

Mathematics

Gemini 3.1 Pro

Gemini 3.1 Pro

97.1

GPT-4.1 nano

9.8

99
AIME 2023
-
99
AIME 2024
9.8
98
AIME 2025
-
95
HMMT Feb 2023
-
97
HMMT Feb 2024
-
96
HMMT Feb 2025
-
96
BRUMO 2025
-
97
MATH-500
-

Reasoning

Gemini 3.1 Pro
95
SimpleQA
-
93
MuSR
-
92
BBH
-

Instruction Following

Gemini 3.1 Pro

Gemini 3.1 Pro

95

GPT-4.1 nano

83.2

95
IFEval
83.2

Multilingual

Gemini 3.1 Pro
96
MGSM
-

Frequently Asked Questions

Which is better, Gemini 3.1 Pro or GPT-4.1 nano?

Gemini 3.1 Pro is ahead overall, 89 to 23. The biggest single separator in this matchup is AIME 2024, where the scores are 99 and 9.8.

Which is better for knowledge tasks, Gemini 3.1 Pro or GPT-4.1 nano?

Gemini 3.1 Pro has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 86 versus 65.2. Inside this category, GPQA is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for math, Gemini 3.1 Pro or GPT-4.1 nano?

Gemini 3.1 Pro has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 97.1 versus 9.8. Inside this category, AIME 2024 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for instruction following, Gemini 3.1 Pro or GPT-4.1 nano?

Gemini 3.1 Pro has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 95 versus 83.2. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Last updated: March 9, 2026

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