GPT-4.1 nano vs GPT-5 nano

Side-by-side benchmark comparison across agentic, coding, multimodal, knowledge, reasoning, and math workflows.

GPT-4.1 nano is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 49 to 45. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.

GPT-4.1 nano's sharpest advantage is in reasoning, where it averages 74.1 against 58.8. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is GPQA, 50.3 to 71.2. GPT-5 nano does hit back in mathematics, so the answer changes if that is the part of the workload you care about most.

GPT-5 nano is the reasoning model in the pair, while GPT-4.1 nano is not. That usually helps on harder chain-of-thought-heavy tests, but it can also mean more latency and more token spend in real use. GPT-4.1 nano gives you the larger context window at 1M, compared with 400K for GPT-5 nano.

Quick Verdict

Pick GPT-4.1 nano if you want the stronger benchmark profile. GPT-5 nano only becomes the better choice if mathematics is the priority or you want the stronger reasoning-first profile.

Agentic

GPT-4.1 nano

GPT-4.1 nano

47.4

GPT-5 nano

37.7

43
Terminal-Bench 2.0
38
62
BrowseComp
48
42
OSWorld-Verified
30

Coding

GPT-5 nano

GPT-4.1 nano

18

GPT-5 nano

22

18
SWE-bench Pro
22

Multimodal & Grounded

GPT-4.1 nano

GPT-4.1 nano

59.3

GPT-5 nano

56.7

53
MMMU-Pro
58
67
OfficeQA Pro
55

Reasoning

GPT-4.1 nano

GPT-4.1 nano

74.1

GPT-5 nano

58.8

75
LongBench v2
57
73
MRCRv2
61

Knowledge

GPT-5 nano

GPT-4.1 nano

50.7

GPT-5 nano

63.7

80.1
MMLU
Coming soon
50.3
GPQA
71.2
51
FrontierScience
58

Instruction Following

Coming soon

Comparable scores for this category are coming soon. One or both models do not have sourced results here yet.

83.2
IFEval
Coming soon

Multilingual

GPT-4.1 nano

GPT-4.1 nano

59

GPT-5 nano

48

59
MMLU-ProX
48

Mathematics

GPT-5 nano

GPT-4.1 nano

9.8

GPT-5 nano

85.2

9.8
AIME 2024
Coming soon
Coming soon
AIME 2025
85.2

Frequently Asked Questions

Which is better, GPT-4.1 nano or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-4.1 nano is ahead overall, 49 to 45. The biggest single separator in this matchup is GPQA, where the scores are 50.3 and 71.2.

Which is better for knowledge tasks, GPT-4.1 nano or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-5 nano has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 63.7 versus 50.7. Inside this category, GPQA is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for coding, GPT-4.1 nano or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-5 nano has the edge for coding in this comparison, averaging 22 versus 18. Inside this category, SWE-bench Pro is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for math, GPT-4.1 nano or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-5 nano has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 85.2 versus 9.8. GPT-4.1 nano stays close enough that the answer can still flip depending on your workload.

Which is better for reasoning, GPT-4.1 nano or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-4.1 nano has the edge for reasoning in this comparison, averaging 74.1 versus 58.8. Inside this category, LongBench v2 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for agentic tasks, GPT-4.1 nano or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-4.1 nano has the edge for agentic tasks in this comparison, averaging 47.4 versus 37.7. Inside this category, BrowseComp is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for multimodal and grounded tasks, GPT-4.1 nano or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-4.1 nano has the edge for multimodal and grounded tasks in this comparison, averaging 59.3 versus 56.7. Inside this category, OfficeQA Pro is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for multilingual tasks, GPT-4.1 nano or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-4.1 nano has the edge for multilingual tasks in this comparison, averaging 59 versus 48. Inside this category, MMLU-ProX is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Last updated: March 12, 2026

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