o3 vs Step 3.5 Flash

Side-by-side benchmark comparison across agentic, coding, multimodal, knowledge, reasoning, and math workflows.

o3 is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 70 to 66. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.

o3's sharpest advantage is in agentic, where it averages 69.9 against 60.2. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is HLE, 24 to 12. Step 3.5 Flash does hit back in instruction following, so the answer changes if that is the part of the workload you care about most.

o3 is also the more expensive model on tokens at $10.00 input / $40.00 output per 1M tokens, versus $0.10 input / $0.30 output per 1M tokens for Step 3.5 Flash. That is roughly 133.3x on output cost alone. o3 is the reasoning model in the pair, while Step 3.5 Flash is not. That usually helps on harder chain-of-thought-heavy tests, but it can also mean more latency and more token spend in real use. Step 3.5 Flash gives you the larger context window at 256K, compared with 200K for o3.

Quick Verdict

Pick o3 if you want the stronger benchmark profile. Step 3.5 Flash only becomes the better choice if instruction following is the priority or you want the cheaper token bill.

Agentic

o3

o3

69.9

Step 3.5 Flash

60.2

71
Terminal-Bench 2.0
62
75
BrowseComp
66
65
OSWorld-Verified
54

Coding

o3

o3

49.1

Step 3.5 Flash

47.1

78
HumanEval
77
50
SWE-bench Verified
48
40
LiveCodeBench
45
58
SWE-bench Pro
49

Multimodal & Grounded

o3

o3

72.3

Step 3.5 Flash

66.7

70
MMMU-Pro
64
75
OfficeQA Pro
70

Reasoning

o3

o3

82.6

Step 3.5 Flash

78.3

84
SimpleQA
82
82
MuSR
82
86
BBH
83
82
LongBench v2
74
81
MRCRv2
73

Knowledge

o3

o3

66

Step 3.5 Flash

60.8

86
MMLU
84
87
GPQA
83
85
SuperGPQA
81
83
OpenBookQA
79
75
MMLU-Pro
76
24
HLE
12
77
FrontierScience
71

Instruction Following

Step 3.5 Flash

o3

85

Step 3.5 Flash

87

85
IFEval
87

Multilingual

Step 3.5 Flash

o3

81.1

Step 3.5 Flash

82.8

83
MGSM
86
80
MMLU-ProX
81

Mathematics

o3

o3

87.5

Step 3.5 Flash

84.5

88
AIME 2023
85
90
AIME 2024
87
89
AIME 2025
86
84
HMMT Feb 2023
81
86
HMMT Feb 2024
83
85
HMMT Feb 2025
82
87
BRUMO 2025
84
88
MATH-500
85

Frequently Asked Questions

Which is better, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

o3 is ahead overall, 70 to 66. The biggest single separator in this matchup is HLE, where the scores are 24 and 12.

Which is better for knowledge tasks, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

o3 has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 66 versus 60.8. Inside this category, HLE is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for coding, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

o3 has the edge for coding in this comparison, averaging 49.1 versus 47.1. Inside this category, SWE-bench Pro is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for math, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

o3 has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 87.5 versus 84.5. Inside this category, AIME 2023 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for reasoning, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

o3 has the edge for reasoning in this comparison, averaging 82.6 versus 78.3. Inside this category, LongBench v2 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for agentic tasks, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

o3 has the edge for agentic tasks in this comparison, averaging 69.9 versus 60.2. Inside this category, OSWorld-Verified is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for multimodal and grounded tasks, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

o3 has the edge for multimodal and grounded tasks in this comparison, averaging 72.3 versus 66.7. Inside this category, MMMU-Pro is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for instruction following, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

Step 3.5 Flash has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 87 versus 85. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for multilingual tasks, o3 or Step 3.5 Flash?

Step 3.5 Flash has the edge for multilingual tasks in this comparison, averaging 82.8 versus 81.1. Inside this category, MGSM is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Last updated: March 12, 2026

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