Step 3.5 Flash vs GPT-4.1 mini

Side-by-side benchmark comparison across agentic, coding, multimodal, knowledge, reasoning, and math workflows.

Step 3.5 Flash is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 66 to 58. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.

Step 3.5 Flash's sharpest advantage is in mathematics, where it averages 84.5 against 23.1. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is AIME 2024, 87 to 23.1. GPT-4.1 mini does hit back in multimodal & grounded, so the answer changes if that is the part of the workload you care about most.

GPT-4.1 mini is also the more expensive model on tokens at $0.40 input / $1.60 output per 1M tokens, versus $0.10 input / $0.30 output per 1M tokens for Step 3.5 Flash. That is roughly 5.3x on output cost alone. GPT-4.1 mini gives you the larger context window at 1M, compared with 256K for Step 3.5 Flash.

Quick Verdict

Pick Step 3.5 Flash if you want the stronger benchmark profile. GPT-4.1 mini only becomes the better choice if multimodal & grounded is the priority or you need the larger 1M context window.

Agentic

Step 3.5 Flash

Step 3.5 Flash

60.2

GPT-4.1 mini

56.5

62
Terminal-Bench 2.0
54
66
BrowseComp
71
54
OSWorld-Verified
49

Coding

Step 3.5 Flash

Step 3.5 Flash

47.1

GPT-4.1 mini

28.8

77
HumanEval
Coming soon
48
SWE-bench Verified
23.6
45
LiveCodeBench
Coming soon
49
SWE-bench Pro
30

Multimodal & Grounded

GPT-4.1 mini

Step 3.5 Flash

66.7

GPT-4.1 mini

69.6

64
MMMU-Pro
66
70
OfficeQA Pro
74

Reasoning

GPT-4.1 mini

Step 3.5 Flash

78.3

GPT-4.1 mini

80.9

82
SimpleQA
Coming soon
82
MuSR
Coming soon
83
BBH
Coming soon
74
LongBench v2
80
73
MRCRv2
82

Knowledge

GPT-4.1 mini

Step 3.5 Flash

60.8

GPT-4.1 mini

62.4

84
MMLU
87.5
83
GPQA
64.2
81
SuperGPQA
Coming soon
79
OpenBookQA
Coming soon
76
MMLU-Pro
Coming soon
12
HLE
Coming soon
71
FrontierScience
61

Instruction Following

GPT-4.1 mini

Step 3.5 Flash

87

GPT-4.1 mini

88.5

87
IFEval
88.5

Multilingual

Step 3.5 Flash

Step 3.5 Flash

82.8

GPT-4.1 mini

72

86
MGSM
Coming soon
81
MMLU-ProX
72

Mathematics

Step 3.5 Flash

Step 3.5 Flash

84.5

GPT-4.1 mini

23.1

85
AIME 2023
Coming soon
87
AIME 2024
23.1
86
AIME 2025
Coming soon
81
HMMT Feb 2023
Coming soon
83
HMMT Feb 2024
Coming soon
82
HMMT Feb 2025
Coming soon
84
BRUMO 2025
Coming soon
85
MATH-500
Coming soon

Frequently Asked Questions

Which is better, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

Step 3.5 Flash is ahead overall, 66 to 58. The biggest single separator in this matchup is AIME 2024, where the scores are 87 and 23.1.

Which is better for knowledge tasks, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

GPT-4.1 mini has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 62.4 versus 60.8. Inside this category, GPQA is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for coding, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

Step 3.5 Flash has the edge for coding in this comparison, averaging 47.1 versus 28.8. Inside this category, SWE-bench Verified is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for math, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

Step 3.5 Flash has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 84.5 versus 23.1. Inside this category, AIME 2024 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for reasoning, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

GPT-4.1 mini has the edge for reasoning in this comparison, averaging 80.9 versus 78.3. Inside this category, MRCRv2 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for agentic tasks, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

Step 3.5 Flash has the edge for agentic tasks in this comparison, averaging 60.2 versus 56.5. Inside this category, Terminal-Bench 2.0 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for multimodal and grounded tasks, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

GPT-4.1 mini has the edge for multimodal and grounded tasks in this comparison, averaging 69.6 versus 66.7. Inside this category, OfficeQA Pro is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for instruction following, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

GPT-4.1 mini has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 88.5 versus 87. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for multilingual tasks, Step 3.5 Flash or GPT-4.1 mini?

Step 3.5 Flash has the edge for multilingual tasks in this comparison, averaging 82.8 versus 72. Inside this category, MMLU-ProX is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Last updated: March 12, 2026

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