Gemini 3.1 Pro vs o1

Side-by-side benchmark comparison across knowledge, coding, math, and reasoning.

Gemini 3.1 Pro is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 89 to 51. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.

Gemini 3.1 Pro's sharpest advantage is in coding, where it averages 79 against 41. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is SWE-bench Verified, 75 to 41.

o1 is also the more expensive model on tokens at $15.00 input / $60.00 output per 1M tokens, versus $1.25 input / $5.00 output per 1M tokens for Gemini 3.1 Pro. That is roughly 12.0x on output cost alone. o1 is the reasoning model in the pair, while Gemini 3.1 Pro is not. That usually helps on harder chain-of-thought-heavy tests, but it can also mean more latency and more token spend in real use. Gemini 3.1 Pro gives you the larger context window at 1M, compared with 200K for o1.

Quick Verdict

Pick Gemini 3.1 Pro if you want the stronger benchmark profile. o1 only becomes the better choice if you want the stronger reasoning-first profile.

Knowledge

Gemini 3.1 Pro

Gemini 3.1 Pro

86

o1

83.8

99
MMLU
91.8
97
GPQA
75.7
95
SuperGPQA
-
93
OpenBookQA
-
92
MMLU-Pro
-
40
HLE
-

Coding

Gemini 3.1 Pro

Gemini 3.1 Pro

79

o1

41

91
HumanEval
-
75
SWE-bench Verified
41
71
LiveCodeBench
-

Mathematics

Gemini 3.1 Pro

Gemini 3.1 Pro

97.1

o1

74.3

99
AIME 2023
-
99
AIME 2024
74.3
98
AIME 2025
-
95
HMMT Feb 2023
-
97
HMMT Feb 2024
-
96
HMMT Feb 2025
-
96
BRUMO 2025
-
97
MATH-500
-

Reasoning

Gemini 3.1 Pro
95
SimpleQA
-
93
MuSR
-
92
BBH
-

Instruction Following

Gemini 3.1 Pro

Gemini 3.1 Pro

95

o1

92.2

95
IFEval
92.2

Multilingual

Gemini 3.1 Pro
96
MGSM
-

Frequently Asked Questions

Which is better, Gemini 3.1 Pro or o1?

Gemini 3.1 Pro is ahead overall, 89 to 51. The biggest single separator in this matchup is SWE-bench Verified, where the scores are 75 and 41.

Which is better for knowledge tasks, Gemini 3.1 Pro or o1?

Gemini 3.1 Pro has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 86 versus 83.8. Inside this category, GPQA is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for coding, Gemini 3.1 Pro or o1?

Gemini 3.1 Pro has the edge for coding in this comparison, averaging 79 versus 41. Inside this category, SWE-bench Verified is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for math, Gemini 3.1 Pro or o1?

Gemini 3.1 Pro has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 97.1 versus 74.3. Inside this category, AIME 2024 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for instruction following, Gemini 3.1 Pro or o1?

Gemini 3.1 Pro has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 95 versus 92.2. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Last updated: March 9, 2026

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