Model comparison
Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct vs o1
Head-to-head evidence from 2 shared benchmark results across 2 categories. Overall scores shown here use the public BenchAlign v5 ranking lane.
Public leaderboard positions: Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct unranked (Not scored); o1 #129 (Estimated). Intervals and evidence labels describe ranking uncertainty, not a guarantee for a specific workload.
Evidence parity. Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct and o1 share 2 comparable benchmark results. 2 of 8 categories are comparable. 3 results are unique to Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct; 14 to o1.
Updated July 23, 2026- Shared results
- 2
- Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct only
- 3
- o1 only
- 14
- Comparable categories
- 2 / 8
Treat this as a split decision. Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct makes more sense if you would rather avoid the extra latency and token burn of a reasoning model; o1 is the better fit if knowledge is the priority or you need the larger 200K context window.
Confidence note. This is a partial-evidence comparison with 2 shared benchmark results across 2 evidence categories; 2 of 8 categories currently have scoreable aggregates for both models. Treat the verdict as directional until coverage is more balanced.
Why this result
Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct and o1 finish on the same BenchAlign overall score, so this is less about a single winner and more about where the edge shows up. The BenchAlign headline says tie; the benchmark table is where the real choice happens.
o1 is the reasoning model in the pair, while Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct is not. That usually helps on harder chain-of-thought-heavy tests, but it can also mean more latency and more token spend in real use. o1 gives you the larger context window at 200K, compared with 128K for Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct.
Category breakdown
Exact category averages are shown below. Not measured means BenchLM does not have enough sourced public coverage for that model and category.
| Category | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct | Δ | o1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct40.9 | Margin→ 34.8 | o175.7 |
| Inst. Following | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct75.8 | Margin→ 16.4 | o192.2 |
| Math | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-InstructNot measured | MarginNo overlap | o19.3 |
Decisive benchmark drivers
The largest measured benchmark gaps in this matchup, with exact reported values.
More
Operational comparison
Runtime and commercial metrics are compared only when both models have a complete sourced value.
| Metric | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct | o1 | Comparison |
|---|---|---|---|
| Input / output priceUSD per 1M tokens | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-InstructNot available | o1$15 input / $60 output | A complete price comparison is not available. |
| Generation speedtokens per second | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-InstructNot available | o198 tok/s | A complete speed comparison is not available. |
| First-answer latencyseconds to first token | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-InstructNot available | o132.29 s | A complete latency comparison is not available. |
| Context windowmaximum listed tokens | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct128K | o1200K | o1 lists the larger context window. |
Benchmark Deep Dive
Agentic2 benchmarks
Coding2 benchmarks
Reasoning2 benchmarks
Knowledgeo1 wins10 benchmarks
| Benchmark | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct | o1 | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMLU-ReduxSource | 78.1% | — | Not comparable |
| GPQASource | 40.9% | 75.7% | o1 leads |
| GPQA-DSource | 40.9% | — | Not comparable |
| MMLUSource | — | 91.8% | Not comparable |
| Artificial Analysis Intelligence IndexSource | — | 23.4% | Not comparable |
| AA-GPQA DiamondSource | — | 74.7% | Not comparable |
| AA-HLESource | — | 7.7% | Not comparable |
| AA-Omniscience IndexSource | — | -10.5% | Not comparable |
| AA-Omniscience AccuracySource | — | 34.7% | Not comparable |
| AA-Omniscience Hallucination RateSource | — | 69.3% | Not comparable |
Math1 benchmarks
| Benchmark | Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct | o1 | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| FrontierMath v2 (Tiers 1-3)Source | — | 9.310% | Not comparable |
Frequently Asked Questions (3)
Which is better, Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct or o1?
Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct and o1 are tied on the BenchAlign overall score, so the right pick depends on which category matters most for your use case.
Which is better for knowledge tasks, Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct or o1?
o1 has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 75.7 versus 40.9. Inside this category, GPQA is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
Which is better for instruction following, Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct or o1?
o1 has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 92.2 versus 75.8. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
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