Model comparison
Gemma 4 12B vs GPT-5.4
Head-to-head evidence from 17 shared benchmark results across 6 categories. Overall scores shown here use the public BenchAlign v5 ranking lane.
Public leaderboard positions: Gemma 4 12B #137 (Estimated); GPT-5.4 #8 (Supported). Intervals and evidence labels describe ranking uncertainty, not a guarantee for a specific workload.
Evidence parity. Gemma 4 12B and GPT-5.4 share 17 comparable benchmark results. 3 of 8 categories are comparable. 6 results are unique to Gemma 4 12B; 35 to GPT-5.4.
Updated July 23, 2026- Shared results
- 17
- Gemma 4 12B only
- 6
- GPT-5.4 only
- 35
- Comparable categories
- 3 / 8
Pick GPT-5.4 if you want the stronger benchmark profile. Gemma 4 12B only becomes the better choice if mathematics is the priority.
Confidence note. This is a partial-evidence comparison with 17 shared benchmark results across 6 evidence categories; 3 of 8 categories currently have scoreable aggregates for both models. Treat the verdict as directional until coverage is more balanced.
Why this result
GPT-5.4 is clearly ahead on the BenchAlign aggregate, 74.24 to 47.29. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.
GPT-5.4's sharpest advantage is in multimodal & grounded, where it averages 73.2 against 69.1. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is GPQA, 78.8% to 92.8%. Gemma 4 12B does hit back in mathematics, so the answer changes if that is the part of the workload you care about most.
GPT-5.4 gives you the larger context window at 1.05M, compared with 256K for Gemma 4 12B.
Category breakdown
Exact category averages are shown below. Not measured means BenchLM does not have enough sourced public coverage for that model and category.
| Category | Gemma 4 12B | Δ | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Math | Gemma 4 12B77.5 | Margin← 35.0 | GPT-5.442.5 |
| Knowledge | Gemma 4 12B77.5 | Margin← 19.9 | GPT-5.457.6 |
| Multimodal | Gemma 4 12B69.1 | Margin→ 4.1 | GPT-5.473.2 |
| Agentic | Gemma 4 12BNot measured | MarginNo overlap | GPT-5.477.2 |
| Coding | Gemma 4 12BNot measured | MarginNo overlap | GPT-5.457.7 |
| Reasoning | Gemma 4 12B43.4 | MarginNo overlap | GPT-5.4Not measured |
Decisive benchmark drivers
The largest measured benchmark gaps in this matchup, with exact reported values.
More
Operational comparison
Runtime and commercial metrics are compared only when both models have a complete sourced value.
| Metric | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-5.4 | Comparison |
|---|---|---|---|
| Input / output priceUSD per 1M tokens | Gemma 4 12BNot available | GPT-5.4$2.5 input / $15 output | A complete price comparison is not available. |
| Generation speedtokens per second | Gemma 4 12BNot available | GPT-5.474 tok/s | A complete speed comparison is not available. |
| First-answer latencyseconds to first token | Gemma 4 12BNot available | GPT-5.4151.79 s | A complete latency comparison is not available. |
| Context windowmaximum listed tokens | Gemma 4 12B256K | GPT-5.41.05M | GPT-5.4 lists the larger context window. |
Benchmark Deep Dive
Agentic17 benchmarks
| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-5.4 | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| τ²-bench resultsSource | 36.3% | 87.1% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0Source | — | 75.1% | Not comparable |
| CyberGymSource | — | 79.0% | Not comparable |
| BrowseCompSource | — | 82.7% | Not comparable |
| OSWorld-VerifiedSource | — | 75% | Not comparable |
| MCP AtlasSource | — | 70.6% | Not comparable |
| ToolathlonSource | — | 54.6% | Not comparable |
| Claw-EvalSource | — | 60.3% | Not comparable |
| DeepSearchQASource | — | 73.6% | Not comparable |
| AA Agentic IndexSource | — | 41.1% | Not comparable |
| APEX-Agents-AASource | — | 33.3% | Not comparable |
| GDPval-AASource | — | 44.7% | Not comparable |
| GDPval-AASource | — | 1395 | Not comparable |
| Gert LabsSource | — | 64.89% | Not comparable |
| ResearchClawBenchSource | — | 15.3% | Not comparable |
| JobBenchSource | — | 38.9% | Not comparable |
| ExploitGymSource | — | 6.0% | Not comparable |
Coding6 benchmarks
Reasoning4 benchmarks
KnowledgeGemma 4 12B wins15 benchmarks
| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-5.4 | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPQASource | 78.8% | 92.8% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| GPQA-DSource | 78.8% | 92.8% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| MMLU-ProSource | 77.2% | — | Not comparable |
| HLE w/o toolsSource | 5.2% | 39.8% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| MMMLUSource | 83.4% | — | Not comparable |
| Artificial Analysis Intelligence IndexSource | 22.0% | 51.4% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| AA-GPQA DiamondSource | 75.3% | 92.0% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| AA-HLESource | 14.8% | 41.6% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| AA-Omniscience IndexSource | -51.9% | 5.7% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| AA-Omniscience AccuracySource | 16.0% | 50.0% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| AA-Omniscience Hallucination RateSource | 80.8% | 88.6% | Gemma 4 12B leads |
| HLESource | — | 52.1% | Not comparable |
| HealthBench HardSource | — | 40.1% | Not comparable |
| MedXpertQA (Text)Source | — | 59.6% | Not comparable |
| HealthBench ProfessionalSource | — | 48.1% | Not comparable |
MathGemma 4 12B wins3 benchmarks
MultimodalGPT-5.4 wins12 benchmarks
| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-5.4 | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMMU-ProSource | 69.1% | 81.2% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| MathVisionSource | 79.7% | — | Not comparable |
| MedXpertQA (MM)Source | 48.7% | 77.1% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| AA-MMMU-ProSource | 69.7% | 78.4% | GPT-5.4 leads |
| OfficeQA ProSource | — | 53.2% | Not comparable |
| MMMU-Pro w/ PythonSource | — | 82.1% | Not comparable |
| CharXivSource | — | 82.8% | Not comparable |
| ERQASource | — | 65.4% | Not comparable |
| SimpleVQASource | — | 61.1% | Not comparable |
| ScreenSpot ProSource | — | 85.4% | Not comparable |
| ZeroBenchSource | — | 41.0% | Not comparable |
| Design Arena WebsiteSource | — | 1250 | Not comparable |
Inst. Following1 benchmarks
| Benchmark | Gemma 4 12B | GPT-5.4 | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| AA-IFBenchSource | 73.5% | 73.9% | GPT-5.4 leads |
Frequently Asked Questions (4)
Which is better, Gemma 4 12B or GPT-5.4?
GPT-5.4 is ahead on BenchLM's BenchAlign leaderboard, 74.24 to 47.29. The biggest single separator in this matchup is GPQA, where the scores are 78.8% and 92.8%.
Which is better for knowledge tasks, Gemma 4 12B or GPT-5.4?
Gemma 4 12B has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 77.5 versus 57.6. Inside this category, AA-Omniscience Index is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
Which is better for math, Gemma 4 12B or GPT-5.4?
Gemma 4 12B has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 77.5 versus 42.5. GPT-5.4 stays close enough that the answer can still flip depending on your workload.
Which is better for multimodal and grounded tasks, Gemma 4 12B or GPT-5.4?
GPT-5.4 has the edge for multimodal and grounded tasks in this comparison, averaging 73.2 versus 69.1. Inside this category, MedXpertQA (MM) is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
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