Side-by-side benchmark comparison across knowledge, coding, math, and reasoning.
Nova Pro is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 40 to 23. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.
Nova Pro's sharpest advantage is in mathematics, where it averages 42.4 against 9.8. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is MMLU, 41 to 80.1. GPT-4.1 nano does hit back in knowledge, so the answer changes if that is the part of the workload you care about most.
GPT-4.1 nano gives you the larger context window at 1M, compared with 128K for Nova Pro.
Pick Nova Pro if you want the stronger benchmark profile. GPT-4.1 nano only becomes the better choice if knowledge is the priority or you need the larger 1M context window.
Nova Pro
35.3
GPT-4.1 nano
65.2
Nova Pro
42.4
GPT-4.1 nano
9.8
Nova Pro
66
GPT-4.1 nano
83.2
Nova Pro is ahead overall, 40 to 23. The biggest single separator in this matchup is MMLU, where the scores are 41 and 80.1.
GPT-4.1 nano has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 65.2 versus 35.3. Inside this category, MMLU is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
Nova Pro has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 42.4 versus 9.8. Inside this category, AIME 2024 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
GPT-4.1 nano has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 83.2 versus 66. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
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