GPT-5.4 Pro vs o1

Side-by-side benchmark comparison across knowledge, coding, math, and reasoning.

GPT-5.4 Pro is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 94 to 51. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.

GPT-5.4 Pro's sharpest advantage is in coding, where it averages 89 against 41. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is SWE-bench Verified, 86 to 41.

GPT-5.4 Pro is also the more expensive model on tokens at $30.00 input / $180.00 output per 1M tokens, versus $15.00 input / $60.00 output per 1M tokens for o1. That is roughly 3.0x on output cost alone. GPT-5.4 Pro gives you the larger context window at 1.05M, compared with 200K for o1.

Quick Verdict

Pick GPT-5.4 Pro if you want the stronger benchmark profile. o1 only becomes the better choice if you want the cheaper token bill.

Knowledge

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

88.8

o1

83.8

99
MMLU
91.8
99
GPQA
75.7
97
SuperGPQA
-
94
OpenBookQA
-
94
MMLU-Pro
-
50
HLE
-

Coding

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

89

o1

41

95
HumanEval
-
86
SWE-bench Verified
41
86
LiveCodeBench
-

Mathematics

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

98

o1

74.3

99
AIME 2023
-
99
AIME 2024
74.3
99
AIME 2025
-
96
HMMT Feb 2023
-
98
HMMT Feb 2024
-
97
HMMT Feb 2025
-
97
BRUMO 2025
-
99
MATH-500
-

Reasoning

GPT-5.4 Pro
97
SimpleQA
-
95
MuSR
-
98
BBH
-

Instruction Following

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

97

o1

92.2

97
IFEval
92.2

Multilingual

GPT-5.4 Pro
97
MGSM
-

Frequently Asked Questions

Which is better, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1?

GPT-5.4 Pro is ahead overall, 94 to 51. The biggest single separator in this matchup is SWE-bench Verified, where the scores are 86 and 41.

Which is better for knowledge tasks, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 88.8 versus 83.8. Inside this category, GPQA is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for coding, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for coding in this comparison, averaging 89 versus 41. Inside this category, SWE-bench Verified is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for math, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 98 versus 74.3. Inside this category, AIME 2024 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for instruction following, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 97 versus 92.2. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Last updated: March 9, 2026

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