GPT-5.4 Pro vs o1-preview

Side-by-side benchmark comparison across knowledge, coding, math, and reasoning.

GPT-5.4 Pro is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 94 to 83. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.

GPT-5.4 Pro's sharpest advantage is in coding, where it averages 89 against 70.3. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is LiveCodeBench, 86 to 60.

GPT-5.4 Pro gives you the larger context window at 1.05M, compared with 200K for o1-preview.

Quick Verdict

Pick GPT-5.4 Pro if you want the stronger benchmark profile. o1-preview only becomes the better choice if its workflow or ecosystem matters more than the raw scoreboard.

Knowledge

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

88.8

o1-preview

78

99
MMLU
92
99
GPQA
90
97
SuperGPQA
88
94
OpenBookQA
86
94
MMLU-Pro
80
50
HLE
32

Coding

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

89

o1-preview

70.3

95
HumanEval
86
86
SWE-bench Verified
65
86
LiveCodeBench
60

Mathematics

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

98

o1-preview

93.1

99
AIME 2023
94
99
AIME 2024
96
99
AIME 2025
95
96
HMMT Feb 2023
90
98
HMMT Feb 2024
92
97
HMMT Feb 2025
91
97
BRUMO 2025
93
99
MATH-500
94

Reasoning

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

96.7

o1-preview

89

97
SimpleQA
88
95
MuSR
86
98
BBH
93

Instruction Following

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

97

o1-preview

88

97
IFEval
88

Multilingual

GPT-5.4 Pro

GPT-5.4 Pro

97

o1-preview

90

97
MGSM
90

Frequently Asked Questions

Which is better, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1-preview?

GPT-5.4 Pro is ahead overall, 94 to 83. The biggest single separator in this matchup is LiveCodeBench, where the scores are 86 and 60.

Which is better for knowledge tasks, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1-preview?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 88.8 versus 78. Inside this category, HLE is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for coding, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1-preview?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for coding in this comparison, averaging 89 versus 70.3. Inside this category, LiveCodeBench is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for math, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1-preview?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 98 versus 93.1. Inside this category, HMMT Feb 2023 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for reasoning, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1-preview?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for reasoning in this comparison, averaging 96.7 versus 89. Inside this category, SimpleQA is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for instruction following, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1-preview?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 97 versus 88. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Which is better for multilingual tasks, GPT-5.4 Pro or o1-preview?

GPT-5.4 Pro has the edge for multilingual tasks in this comparison, averaging 97 versus 90. Inside this category, MGSM is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.

Last updated: March 9, 2026

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