Side-by-side benchmark comparison across knowledge, coding, math, and reasoning.
GPT-5.4 is clearly ahead on the aggregate, 93 to 43. The gap is large enough that you do not need to squint at the spreadsheet to see the difference.
GPT-5.4's sharpest advantage is in mathematics, where it averages 98 against 26.4. The single biggest benchmark swing on the page is AIME 2024, 99 to 26.4.
GPT-5.4 is also the more expensive model on tokens at $2.50 input / $15.00 output per 1M tokens, versus $2.00 input / $8.00 output per 1M tokens for GPT-4.1. GPT-5.4 is the reasoning model in the pair, while GPT-4.1 is not. That usually helps on harder chain-of-thought-heavy tests, but it can also mean more latency and more token spend in real use. GPT-5.4 gives you the larger context window at 1.05M, compared with 1M for GPT-4.1.
Pick GPT-5.4 if you want the stronger benchmark profile. GPT-4.1 only becomes the better choice if you want the cheaper token bill or you would rather avoid the extra latency and token burn of a reasoning model.
GPT-5.4
88
GPT-4.1
78.3
GPT-5.4
87.7
GPT-4.1
54.6
GPT-5.4
98
GPT-4.1
26.4
GPT-5.4
96
GPT-4.1
87.4
GPT-5.4 is ahead overall, 93 to 43. The biggest single separator in this matchup is AIME 2024, where the scores are 99 and 26.4.
GPT-5.4 has the edge for knowledge tasks in this comparison, averaging 88 versus 78.3. Inside this category, GPQA is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
GPT-5.4 has the edge for coding in this comparison, averaging 87.7 versus 54.6. Inside this category, SWE-bench Verified is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
GPT-5.4 has the edge for math in this comparison, averaging 98 versus 26.4. Inside this category, AIME 2024 is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
GPT-5.4 has the edge for instruction following in this comparison, averaging 96 versus 87.4. Inside this category, IFEval is the benchmark that creates the most daylight between them.
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